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schemes based on AI and data analysis further support optimised maintenance planning, as they build on condition-based approaches within the class framework.Beyond structural inspections, digitalisation supports a broader shift toward risk-based and data-informed methodologies. Machinery and operational data can be analysed to detect deviations or abnormal trends, contributing to earlier identification of potential issues. As data governance and validation frameworks continue to mature, confidence in predictive analytics is steadily increasing. When applied responsibly, these tools enhance proactive maintenance and contribute directly to incident prevention, reinforcing the core mission of classification.The growing availability of real-time ship data further supports compliance and safety. Continuous monitoring of critical systems and environmental performance can complement physical inspections, as it enables a more targeted and risk-informed approach. Of course, on-site surveys remain fundamental; however, digital insights allow surveyors to focus their attention where it matters most, thereby increasing both effectiveness and efficiency.As vessels become increasingly connected and software-driven, how is cyber risk being incorporated into class guides and risk assessments?As vessels become more software-driven and interconnected, cyber resilience becomes inseparable from safety assurance. Cyber risk considerations are embedded within Bureau Veritas%u2019 class framework and recognise that vulnerabilities in onboard digital systems can have operational and safety consequences. Ensuring the resilience of connected systems is therefore an integral component of modern classification.What is currently the biggest regulatory or safety barrier to large-scale autonomous and remotely operated vessels?Looking ahead, the advancement of autonomous and remotely operated vessels will depend not only on technological capability but also on regulatory harmonisation and stakeholder confidence. The certification of automated and decision-support systems must provide the same level of assurance as traditional arrangements, and classification has a critical role to play in building that trust.How is the role of the traditional surveyor changing as classification societies are moving toward digitalisation?In this evolving landscape, the role of the surveyor continues to expand. Digitalisation enhances expertise by equipping professionals with richer information, advanced tools, and risk-based methodologies. By combining human judgment with digital intelligence, classification becomes more consistent, transparent and resilient.Digital class is not a departure from established principles; it is their extension, ensuring that maritime assurance remains rigorous, relevant, and responsive in an increasingly digital world.May 2026 195Alloceans Shipping Co. Ltd227, Ki%u0019sias Ave., Ki%u0019sia, 14561Tel.: +30 210 6142891